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yaze/src/app/rom.h

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#ifndef YAZE_APP_ROM_H
#define YAZE_APP_ROM_H
#include <SDL.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>
#include <cstddef> // for size_t
#include <cstdint> // for uint32_t, uint8_t, uint16_t
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional> // for function
#include <iostream> // for string, operator<<, basic_...
#include <map> // for map
#include <memory> // for shared_ptr, make_shared
#include <stack> // for stack
#include <string> // for hash, operator==
#include <unordered_map> // for unordered_map
#include <variant>
#include <vector> // for vector
#include "absl/container/flat_hash_map.h" // for flat_hash_map
#include "absl/status/status.h" // for Status
#include "absl/status/statusor.h" // for StatusOr
#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h" // for string_view
#include "app/core/common.h"
#include "app/core/constants.h" // for Bytes, uchar, armorPalettes
#include "app/core/labeling.h"
#include "app/gfx/bitmap.h" // for Bitmap, BitmapTable
#include "app/gfx/compression.h"
#include "app/gfx/snes_palette.h" // for PaletteGroup, SNESColor
#include "app/gfx/snes_tile.h"
namespace yaze {
namespace app {
// Define an enum class for the different versions of the game
enum class Z3_Version {
US = 1, // US version
JP = 2, // JP version
SD = 3, // Super Donkey Proto (Experimental)
RANDO = 4, // Randomizer (Unimplemented)
};
/**
* @brief A struct to hold version constants for each version of the game.
*/
struct VersionConstants {
uint32_t kGfxAnimatedPointer;
uint32_t kOverworldGfxGroups1;
uint32_t kOverworldGfxGroups2;
uint32_t kCompressedAllMap32PointersHigh;
uint32_t kCompressedAllMap32PointersLow;
uint32_t overworldMapPaletteGroup;
uint32_t overlayPointers;
uint32_t overlayPointersBank;
uint32_t overworldTilesType;
uint32_t kOverworldGfxPtr1;
uint32_t kOverworldGfxPtr2;
uint32_t kOverworldGfxPtr3;
uint32_t kMap32TileTL;
uint32_t kMap32TileTR;
uint32_t kMap32TileBL;
uint32_t kMap32TileBR;
uint32_t kSpriteBlocksetPointer;
uint32_t kDungeonPalettesGroups;
};
/**
* @brief A map of version constants for each version of the game.
*/
static const std::map<Z3_Version, VersionConstants> kVersionConstantsMap = {
{Z3_Version::US,
{
0x10275, // kGfxAnimatedPointer
0x5D97, // kOverworldGfxGroups1
0x6073, // kOverworldGfxGroups2
0x1794D, // kCompressedAllMap32PointersHigh
0x17B2D, // kCompressedAllMap32PointersLow
0x75504, // overworldMapPaletteGroup
0x77664, // overlayPointers
0x0E, // overlayPointersBank
0x71459, // overworldTilesType
0x4F80, // kOverworldGfxPtr1
0x505F, // kOverworldGfxPtr2
0x513E, // kOverworldGfxPtr3
0x18000, // kMap32TileTL
0x1B400, // kMap32TileTR
0x20000, // kMap32TileBL
0x23400, // kMap32TileBR
0x5B57, // kSpriteBlocksetPointer
0x75460, // kDungeonPalettesGroups
}},
{Z3_Version::JP,
{
0x10624, // kGfxAnimatedPointer
0x5DD7, // kOverworldGfxGroups1
0x60B3, // kOverworldGfxGroups2
0x176B1, // kCompressedAllMap32PointersHigh
0x17891, // kCompressedAllMap32PointersLow
0x67E74, // overworldMapPaletteGroup
0x3FAF4, // overlayPointers
0x07, // overlayPointersBank
0x7FD94, // overworldTilesType
0x4FC0, // kOverworldGfxPtr1
0x509F, // kOverworldGfxPtr2
0x517E, // kOverworldGfxPtr3
0x18000, // kMap32TileTL
0x1B3C0, // kMap32TileTR
0x20000, // kMap32TileBL
0x233C0, // kMap32TileBR
0x5B97, // kSpriteBlocksetPointer
0x67DD0, // kDungeonPalettesGroups
}}};
constexpr uint32_t kNormalGfxSpaceStart = 0x87000;
constexpr uint32_t kNormalGfxSpaceEnd = 0xC4200;
constexpr uint32_t kFontSpriteLocation = 0x70000;
constexpr uint32_t kGfxGroupsPointer = 0x6237;
/**
* @brief The Rom class is used to load, save, and modify Rom data.
*/
class Rom : public core::ExperimentFlags {
public:
/**
* @brief Loads 2bpp graphics from Rom data.
*
* This function loads 2bpp graphics from Rom data by iterating over a list of
* sheet IDs, decompressing the sheet data, converting it to 8bpp format, and
* appending the converted sheet data to a byte vector.
*
*/
absl::StatusOr<Bytes> Load2BppGraphics();
/**
* @brief Loads the players 4bpp graphics sheet from Rom data.
*/
absl::Status LoadLinkGraphics();
/**
* @brief This function iterates over all graphics sheets in the Rom and loads
* them into memory. Depending on the sheet's index, it may be uncompressed or
* compressed using the LC-LZ2 algorithm. The uncompressed sheets are 3 bits
* per pixel (BPP), while the compressed sheets are 4 BPP. The loaded graphics
* data is converted to 8 BPP and stored in a bitmap.
*
* The graphics sheets are divided into the following ranges:
*
* | Range | Compression Type | Decompressed Size | Number of Chars |
* |---------|------------------|------------------|-----------------|
* | 0-112 | Compressed 3bpp BGR | 0x600 chars | Decompressed each |
* | 113-114 | Compressed 2bpp | 0x800 chars | Decompressed each |
* | 115-126 | Uncompressed 3bpp sprites | 0x600 chars | Each |
* | 127-217 | Compressed 3bpp sprites | 0x600 chars | Decompressed each |
* | 218-222 | Compressed 2bpp | 0x800 chars | Decompressed each |
*
*/
absl::Status LoadAllGraphicsData();
/**
* Load Rom data from a file.
*
* @param filename The name of the file to load.
* @param z3_load Whether to load data specific to Zelda 3.
*
*/
absl::Status LoadFromFile(const std::string& filename, bool z3_load = true);
absl::Status LoadFromPointer(uchar* data, size_t length);
absl::Status LoadFromBytes(const Bytes& data);
/**
* @brief Saves the Rom data to a file
*
* @param backup If true, creates a backup file with timestamp in its name
* @param filename The name of the file to save the Rom data to
*
* @return absl::Status Returns an OK status if the save was successful,
* otherwise returns an error status
*/
absl::Status SaveToFile(bool backup, bool save_new = false,
std::string filename = "");
/**
* Saves the given palette to the Rom if any of its colors have been modified.
*
* @param index The index of the palette to save.
* @param group_name The name of the group containing the palette.
* @param palette The palette to save.
*/
absl::Status SavePalette(int index, const std::string& group_name,
gfx::SnesPalette& palette);
/**
* @brief Saves all palettes in the Rom.
*
* This function iterates through all palette groups and all palettes in each
* group, and saves each palette using the SavePalette() function.
*/
absl::Status SaveAllPalettes();
/**
* @brief Updates a color in a specified palette group.
*
* This function updates the color at the specified `colorIndex` in the
* palette at `palette_index` within the palette group with the given
* `group_name`. If the group, palette, or color indices are invalid, an error
* is returned.
*
* @param group_name The name of the palette group to update.
* @param palette_index The index of the palette within the group to update.
* @param colorIndex The index of the color within the palette to update.
* @param newColor The new color value to set.
*
* @return An `absl::Status` indicating whether the update was successful.
* Returns `absl::OkStatus()` if successful, or an error status if the
* group, palette, or color indices are invalid.
*/
absl::Status UpdatePaletteColor(const std::string& group_name,
size_t palette_index, size_t colorIndex,
const gfx::SnesColor& newColor);
// Read functions
absl::StatusOr<uint8_t> ReadByte(int offset) {
if (offset >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError("Offset out of range");
}
return rom_data_[offset];
}
absl::StatusOr<uint16_t> ReadWord(int offset) {
if (offset + 1 >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError("Offset out of range");
}
auto result = (uint16_t)(rom_data_[offset] | (rom_data_[offset + 1] << 8));
return result;
}
uint16_t toint16(int offset) {
return (uint16_t)(rom_data_[offset] | (rom_data_[offset + 1] << 8));
}
absl::StatusOr<uint32_t> ReadLong(int offset) {
if (offset + 2 >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError("Offset out of range");
}
auto result = (uint32_t)(rom_data_[offset] | (rom_data_[offset + 1] << 8) |
(rom_data_[offset + 2] << 16));
return result;
}
absl::StatusOr<std::vector<uint8_t>> ReadByteVector(uint32_t offset,
uint32_t length) {
if (offset + length > rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError("Offset and length out of range");
}
std::vector<uint8_t> result;
for (int i = offset; i < offset + length; i++) {
result.push_back(rom_data_[i]);
}
return result;
}
absl::StatusOr<gfx::Tile16> ReadTile16(uint32_t tile16_id) {
// Skip 8 bytes per tile.
auto tpos = 0x78000 + (tile16_id * 0x08);
gfx::Tile16 tile16;
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto new_tile0, ReadWord(tpos))
tile16.tile0_ = gfx::WordToTileInfo(new_tile0);
tpos += 2;
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto new_tile1, ReadWord(tpos))
tile16.tile1_ = gfx::WordToTileInfo(new_tile1);
tpos += 2;
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto new_tile2, ReadWord(tpos))
tile16.tile2_ = gfx::WordToTileInfo(new_tile2);
tpos += 2;
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto new_tile3, ReadWord(tpos))
tile16.tile3_ = gfx::WordToTileInfo(new_tile3);
return tile16;
}
absl::Status WriteTile16(int tile16_id, const gfx::Tile16& tile) {
// Skip 8 bytes per tile.
auto tpos = 0x78000 + (tile16_id * 0x08);
RETURN_IF_ERROR(WriteShort(tpos, gfx::TileInfoToWord(tile.tile0_)));
tpos += 2;
RETURN_IF_ERROR(WriteShort(tpos, gfx::TileInfoToWord(tile.tile1_)));
tpos += 2;
RETURN_IF_ERROR(WriteShort(tpos, gfx::TileInfoToWord(tile.tile2_)));
tpos += 2;
RETURN_IF_ERROR(WriteShort(tpos, gfx::TileInfoToWord(tile.tile3_)));
return absl::OkStatus();
}
// Write functions
absl::Status Write(int addr, int value) {
if (addr >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write %d value failed, address %d out of range", value,
addr));
}
rom_data_[addr] = value;
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteByte(int addr, uint8_t value) {
if (addr >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write byte %#02x value failed, address %d out of range",
value, addr));
}
rom_data_[addr] = value;
std::string log_str = absl::StrFormat("WriteByte: %#06X: %s", addr,
core::UppercaseHexByte(value).data());
core::Logger::log(log_str);
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteWord(int addr, uint16_t value) {
if (addr + 1 >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write word %#04x value failed, address %d out of range",
value, addr));
}
rom_data_[addr] = (uint8_t)(value & 0xFF);
rom_data_[addr + 1] = (uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
core::Logger::log(absl::StrFormat("WriteWord: %#06X: %s", addr,
core::UppercaseHexWord(value)));
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteShort(int addr, uint16_t value) {
if (addr + 1 >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write short %#04x value failed, address %d out of range",
value, addr));
}
rom_data_[addr] = (uint8_t)(value & 0xFF);
rom_data_[addr + 1] = (uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
core::Logger::log(absl::StrFormat("WriteShort: %#06X: %s", addr,
core::UppercaseHexWord(value)));
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteLong(uint32_t addr, uint32_t value) {
if (addr + 2 >= rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write long %#06x value failed, address %d out of range",
value, addr));
}
rom_data_[addr] = (uint8_t)(value & 0xFF);
rom_data_[addr + 1] = (uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
rom_data_[addr + 2] = (uint8_t)((value >> 16) & 0xFF);
core::Logger::log(absl::StrFormat("WriteLong: %#06X: %s", addr,
core::UppercaseHexLong(value)));
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteVector(int addr, std::vector<uint8_t> data) {
if (addr + data.size() > rom_data_.size()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(absl::StrFormat(
"Attempt to write vector value failed, address %d out of range",
addr));
}
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
rom_data_[addr + i] = data[i];
}
core::Logger::log(absl::StrFormat("WriteVector: %#06X: %s", addr,
core::UppercaseHexByte(data[0])));
return absl::OkStatus();
}
absl::Status WriteColor(uint32_t address, const gfx::SnesColor& color) {
uint16_t bgr = ((color.snes() >> 10) & 0x1F) |
((color.snes() & 0x1F) << 10) | (color.snes() & 0x7C00);
// Write the 16-bit color value to the ROM at the specified address
core::Logger::log(absl::StrFormat("WriteColor: %#06X: %s", address,
core::UppercaseHexWord(bgr)));
return WriteShort(address, bgr);
}
template <typename... Args>
absl::Status WriteTransaction(Args... args) {
absl::Status status;
// Fold expression to apply the Write function on each argument
((status = WriteHelper(args)), ...);
return status;
}
template <typename T, typename... Args>
absl::Status ReadTransaction(T& var, int address, Args&&... args) {
absl::Status status = ReadHelper<T>(var, address);
if (!status.ok()) {
return status;
}
if constexpr (sizeof...(args) > 0) {
status = ReadTransaction(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}
return status;
}
void Expand(int size) {
rom_data_.resize(size);
size_ = size;
}
absl::Status Reload() {
if (filename_.empty()) {
return absl::InvalidArgumentError("No filename specified");
}
return LoadFromFile(filename_);
}
absl::Status Close() {
rom_data_.clear();
size_ = 0;
is_loaded_ = false;
return absl::OkStatus();
}
void QueueChanges(std::function<void()> const& function) {
changes_.push(function);
}
VersionConstants version_constants() const {
return kVersionConstantsMap.at(version_);
}
int GetGraphicsAddress(const uchar* data, uint8_t addr) const {
auto part_one = data[version_constants().kOverworldGfxPtr1 + addr] << 16;
auto part_two = data[version_constants().kOverworldGfxPtr2 + addr] << 8;
auto part_three = data[version_constants().kOverworldGfxPtr3 + addr];
auto snes_addr = (part_one | part_two | part_three);
return core::SnesToPc(snes_addr);
}
auto palette_group() { return palette_groups_; }
auto mutable_palette_group() { return &palette_groups_; }
auto dungeon_palette(int i) { return palette_groups_.dungeon_main[i]; }
auto mutable_dungeon_palette(int i) {
return palette_groups_.dungeon_main.mutable_palette(i);
}
// Full graphical data for the game
Bytes graphics_buffer() const { return graphics_buffer_; }
gfx::BitmapTable graphics_bin() const { return graphics_bin_; }
gfx::Bitmap* mutable_graphics_sheet(int index) {
return &graphics_bin_.at(index);
}
auto bitmap_manager() { return graphics_manager_; }
auto mutable_bitmap_manager() { return &graphics_manager_; }
auto link_graphics() { return link_graphics_; }
auto mutable_link_graphics() { return &link_graphics_; }
auto title() const { return title_; }
auto size() const { return size_; }
auto begin() { return rom_data_.begin(); }
auto end() { return rom_data_.end(); }
auto data() { return rom_data_.data(); }
auto push_back(uint8_t byte) { rom_data_.push_back(byte); }
auto vector() const { return rom_data_; }
auto filename() const { return filename_; }
auto is_loaded() const { return is_loaded_; }
auto version() const { return version_; }
auto renderer() const { return renderer_; }
uint8_t& operator[](int i) {
if (i > size_) {
std::cout << "ROM: Index " << i << " out of bounds, size: " << size_
<< std::endl;
return rom_data_[0];
}
return rom_data_[i];
}
uint8_t& operator+(int i) {
if (i > size_) {
std::cout << "ROM: Index " << i << " out of bounds, size: " << size_
<< std::endl;
return rom_data_[0];
}
return rom_data_[i];
}
const uint8_t* operator&() { return rom_data_.data(); }
void SetupRenderer(std::shared_ptr<SDL_Renderer> renderer) {
renderer_ = renderer;
}
absl::Status CreateAndRenderBitmap(int width, int height, int depth,
const Bytes& data, gfx::Bitmap& bitmap,
gfx::SnesPalette& palette) {
bitmap.Create(width, height, depth, data);
RETURN_IF_ERROR(bitmap.ApplyPalette(palette));
RenderBitmap(&bitmap);
return absl::OkStatus();
}
/**
* @brief Used to render a bitmap to the screen.
*/
void RenderBitmap(gfx::Bitmap* bitmap) {
if (flags()->kLoadTexturesAsStreaming) {
bitmap->CreateTexture(renderer_.get());
} else {
bitmap->CreateTexture(renderer_);
}
}
/**
* @brief Used to update a bitmap on the screen.
*/
void UpdateBitmap(gfx::Bitmap* bitmap, bool use_sdl_update = false) {
if (flags()->kLoadTexturesAsStreaming) {
bitmap->UpdateTexture(renderer_.get(), use_sdl_update);
} else {
bitmap->UpdateTexture(renderer_);
}
}
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> main_blockset_ids;
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> room_blockset_ids;
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> spriteset_ids;
std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> paletteset_ids;
void LoadGfxGroups();
void SaveGroupsToRom();
auto resource_label() { return &resource_label_manager_; }
auto font_gfx_data() { return font_gfx_data_; }
private:
struct WriteAction {
int address;
std::variant<int, uint8_t, uint16_t, short, std::vector<uint8_t>,
gfx::SnesColor, std::vector<gfx::SnesColor>>
value;
};
absl::Status WriteHelper(const WriteAction& action) {
if (std::holds_alternative<uint8_t>(action.value)) {
return Write(action.address, std::get<uint8_t>(action.value));
} else if (std::holds_alternative<uint16_t>(action.value) ||
std::holds_alternative<short>(action.value)) {
return WriteShort(action.address, std::get<uint16_t>(action.value));
} else if (std::holds_alternative<std::vector<uint8_t>>(action.value)) {
return WriteVector(action.address,
std::get<std::vector<uint8_t>>(action.value));
} else if (std::holds_alternative<gfx::SnesColor>(action.value)) {
return WriteColor(action.address, std::get<gfx::SnesColor>(action.value));
} else if (std::holds_alternative<std::vector<gfx::SnesColor>>(
action.value)) {
return absl::UnimplementedError(
"WriteHelper: std::vector<gfx::SnesColor>");
}
auto error_message = absl::StrFormat("Invalid write argument type: %s",
typeid(action.value).name());
throw std::runtime_error(error_message);
return absl::InvalidArgumentError(error_message);
}
template <typename T>
absl::Status ReadHelper(T& var, int address) {
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, uint8_t>) {
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto result, ReadByte(address));
var = result;
} else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, uint16_t>) {
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto result, ReadWord(address));
var = result;
} else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, std::vector<uint8_t>>) {
ASSIGN_OR_RETURN(auto result, ReadByteVector(address, var.size()));
var = result;
}
return absl::OkStatus();
}
long size_ = 0;
bool is_loaded_ = false;
bool has_header_ = false;
uchar title_[21] = "ROM Not Loaded";
std::string filename_;
Bytes rom_data_;
Bytes graphics_buffer_;
Bytes font_gfx_data_;
Z3_Version version_ = Z3_Version::US;
gfx::BitmapTable graphics_bin_;
gfx::BitmapManager graphics_manager_;
gfx::BitmapTable link_graphics_;
gfx::SnesPalette link_palette_;
gfx::PaletteGroupMap palette_groups_;
core::ResourceLabelManager resource_label_manager_;
std::stack<std::function<void()>> changes_;
std::shared_ptr<SDL_Renderer> renderer_;
};
/**
* @brief A class to hold a shared pointer to a Rom object.
*/
class SharedRom {
public:
SharedRom() = default;
virtual ~SharedRom() = default;
std::shared_ptr<Rom> shared_rom() {
if (!shared_rom_) {
shared_rom_ = std::make_shared<Rom>();
}
return shared_rom_;
}
auto rom() {
if (!shared_rom_) {
shared_rom_ = std::make_shared<Rom>();
}
Rom* rom = shared_rom_.get();
return rom;
}
// private:
static std::shared_ptr<Rom> shared_rom_;
};
} // namespace app
} // namespace yaze
#endif
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