docs: add comprehensive CI/CD build failure analysis
Add detailed root cause analysis for Windows and Linux CI build failures. Key findings: - gRPC version 1.75.1 has MSVC compilation errors on Windows - CPM configuration missing Windows version override logic - Long gRPC build times (30-40 min) causing potential timeouts - CI preset forces gRPC build even though it's optional Recommended solution: Use platform-specific CI presets with gRPC disabled to reduce build times from 40 min to 5-10 min and eliminate errors. Document includes: - Detailed root cause analysis - Multiple solution options with code examples - 3-phase implementation plan - Testing procedures and risk assessment
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Claude
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CI_BUILD_FAILURE_ANALYSIS.md
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CI_BUILD_FAILURE_ANALYSIS.md
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# CI/CD Build Failure Analysis
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**Date**: 2025-11-03
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**Branch**: develop
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**Analyzed By**: Claude Code
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## Executive Summary
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The Windows and Linux CI/CD builds are failing due to **gRPC build configuration issues**. The root cause is a conflict between two different gRPC configuration systems and version mismatches that cause compilation errors on Windows and timeouts on Linux.
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## Root Causes
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### 1. gRPC Version Mismatch (Critical - Windows)
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**Problem**: Windows MSVC builds are using the wrong gRPC version.
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**Details**:
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- `cmake/dependencies.lock` specifies gRPC version `1.75.1`
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- `cmake/grpc.cmake` has conditional logic to use `v1.67.1` for Windows MSVC (MSVC-compatible)
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- However, the build system uses `cmake/dependencies/grpc.cmake` (CPM-based) which reads from `dependencies.lock`
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- Result: Windows builds get gRPC `1.75.1` which has **MSVC compilation errors in UPB (micro protobuf) code**
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**Error Expected**:
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```
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error C2099: initializer is not a constant
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```
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**File Location**: `cmake/dependencies.lock:10`
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### 2. Duplicate gRPC Configuration Systems (Critical)
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**Problem**: Two competing gRPC configuration files exist, causing confusion.
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**Details**:
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- `cmake/grpc.cmake` - FetchContent-based, has platform-specific version logic
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- `cmake/dependencies/grpc.cmake` - CPM-based, uses dependencies.lock version
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- The newer CPM-based approach (via `cmake/dependencies.cmake:40`) is being used
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- But it doesn't have the Windows version override logic from `cmake/grpc.cmake:74-80`
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**Impact**: Windows builds fail because they don't get the MSVC-compatible gRPC version.
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### 3. CI Preset Forces gRPC Build (Major - All Platforms)
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**Problem**: The "ci" preset mandates building gRPC from source.
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**Details**:
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- CI workflow (`.github/workflows/ci.yml:56,64`) uses preset "ci"
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- Preset "ci" (`CMakePresets.json:88-101`) sets `YAZE_ENABLE_GRPC: "ON"`
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- Building gRPC from source is slow and error-prone:
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- Windows: ~30-40 min (if it works) + MSVC compatibility issues
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- Linux: ~30-40 min + potential timeout
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- macOS: Has ARM64 Abseil issues (documented in troubleshooting)
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**Alternative**: The "minimal" preset exists but isn't used by CI.
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### 4. Long Build Times May Cause CI Timeouts (Major - Linux)
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**Problem**: gRPC builds take 30-40+ minutes from source.
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**Details**:
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- GitHub Actions runners have execution time limits
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- First-time gRPC builds compile hundreds of targets (protobuf, abseil, grpc++)
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- Even with ccache/sccache, initial builds are very slow
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- No pre-built packages are used on Linux CI
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### 5. Windows Preset Configuration Issues (Minor)
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**Problem**: Windows CI uses the wrong preset architecture.
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**Details**:
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- The CI workflow uses preset "ci" for all platforms
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- But "ci" inherits from "base" which doesn't set Windows-specific options
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- Windows-specific presets (win-dbg, win-rel) exist but aren't used by CI
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- Missing proper MSVC runtime library settings in the base CI preset
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## Affected Files
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### Configuration Files:
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- `cmake/dependencies.lock` - Has incorrect gRPC version for Windows
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- `cmake/dependencies/grpc.cmake` - Missing Windows version override
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- `CMakePresets.json` - CI preset forces gRPC build
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- `.github/workflows/ci.yml` - Uses problematic "ci" preset
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### CMake Modules:
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- `cmake/grpc.cmake` - Has correct version logic but isn't being used
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- `cmake/grpc_windows.cmake` - vcpkg fallback exists but not enabled in CI
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## Solutions
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### Immediate Fixes (Recommended)
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#### Fix 1: Update gRPC Version in dependencies.lock for Windows Compatibility
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**Change**: Update `cmake/dependencies.lock:10` to use MSVC-compatible version
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```cmake
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# Before:
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set(GRPC_VERSION "1.75.1" CACHE STRING "gRPC version")
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# After:
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set(GRPC_VERSION "1.67.1" CACHE STRING "gRPC version - MSVC compatible")
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```
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Fixes Windows MSVC compilation errors
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- ⚠️ Linux/macOS will use older gRPC version (but stable)
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**Risk**: Low - v1.67.1 is tested and stable on all platforms per troubleshooting docs
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---
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#### Fix 2: Add Platform-Specific gRPC Version Logic to CPM Configuration
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**Change**: Update `cmake/dependencies/grpc.cmake` to use conditional versioning
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```cmake
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# Add before line 60 in cmake/dependencies/grpc.cmake:
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# Use MSVC-compatible gRPC version on Windows, latest elsewhere
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if(WIN32 AND MSVC)
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set(GRPC_VERSION "1.67.1" CACHE STRING "gRPC version - MSVC compatible" FORCE)
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set(_GRPC_VERSION_REASON "MSVC-compatible, avoids UPB linker regressions")
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else()
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# Use version from dependencies.lock for other platforms
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set(_GRPC_VERSION_REASON "ARM64 macOS + modern Clang compatibility")
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endif()
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message(STATUS "Using gRPC version: ${GRPC_VERSION} (${_GRPC_VERSION_REASON})")
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```
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Windows gets v1.67.1 (MSVC-compatible)
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- ✅ Linux/macOS can use v1.75.1 (newer features)
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**Risk**: Low - mirrors existing logic from cmake/grpc.cmake
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---
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#### Fix 3: Create Separate CI Presets for Each Platform
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**Change**: Add platform-specific CI presets to `CMakePresets.json`
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```json
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{
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"name": "ci-windows",
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"inherits": "windows-base",
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"displayName": "CI Build - Windows",
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"description": "Windows CI build without gRPC (fast, reliable)",
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"cacheVariables": {
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"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "RelWithDebInfo",
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"YAZE_BUILD_TESTS": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_GRPC": "OFF",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_JSON": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_AI": "OFF",
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"YAZE_MINIMAL_BUILD": "ON"
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}
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},
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{
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"name": "ci-linux",
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"inherits": "base",
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"displayName": "CI Build - Linux",
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"description": "Linux CI build without gRPC (fast, reliable)",
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"cacheVariables": {
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"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "RelWithDebInfo",
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"YAZE_BUILD_TESTS": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_GRPC": "OFF",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_JSON": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_AI": "OFF",
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"YAZE_MINIMAL_BUILD": "ON"
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}
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},
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{
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"name": "ci-macos",
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"inherits": "base",
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"displayName": "CI Build - macOS",
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"description": "macOS CI build without gRPC (fast, reliable)",
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"cacheVariables": {
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"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE": "RelWithDebInfo",
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"YAZE_BUILD_TESTS": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_GRPC": "OFF",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_JSON": "ON",
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"YAZE_ENABLE_AI": "OFF",
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"YAZE_MINIMAL_BUILD": "ON"
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}
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}
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```
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**Update CI workflow** (`.github/workflows/ci.yml`):
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```yaml
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# Line 52-64 - Update matrix to use platform-specific presets
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matrix:
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include:
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- name: "Ubuntu 22.04 (GCC-12)"
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os: ubuntu-22.04
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platform: linux
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preset: ci-linux # Changed from "ci"
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- name: "macOS 14 (Clang)"
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os: macos-14
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platform: macos
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preset: ci-macos # Changed from "ci"
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- name: "Windows 2022 (MSVC)"
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os: windows-2022
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platform: windows
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preset: ci-windows # Changed from "ci"
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```
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Disables gRPC in CI builds (faster, more reliable)
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- ✅ Reduces CI build time from ~40 min to ~5-10 min
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- ✅ Eliminates Windows MSVC gRPC errors
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- ✅ Eliminates Linux timeout issues
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**Risk**: Low - "minimal" preset already exists and works
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---
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### Long-Term Solutions (Optional)
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#### Option 1: Use System gRPC Packages on Linux CI
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**Change**: Install gRPC from apt on Ubuntu CI runners
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```yaml
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# In .github/actions/setup-build/action.yml, add to Linux section:
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- name: Setup build environment (Linux)
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if: inputs.platform == 'linux'
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shell: bash
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run: |
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install -y $(tr '\n' ' ' < .github/workflows/scripts/linux-ci-packages.txt) gcc-12 g++-12
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# Add gRPC system packages
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sudo apt-get install -y libgrpc++-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler-grpc
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sudo apt-get clean
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```
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Then enable `YAZE_USE_SYSTEM_DEPS` in Linux CI preset.
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Very fast (pre-compiled)
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- ⚠️ Version depends on Ubuntu repository (might be older)
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**Risk**: Medium - system packages may have different versions
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---
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#### Option 2: Use vcpkg for Windows gRPC
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**Change**: Enable vcpkg in Windows CI
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This is already documented in the codebase but not enabled. See `cmake/grpc_windows.cmake:14-16`.
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Fast Windows builds (~5-10 min with vcpkg cache)
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- ⚠️ Requires vcpkg setup in CI
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**Risk**: Medium - adds vcpkg dependency to CI
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---
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#### Option 3: Create Separate gRPC-Enabled CI Workflow
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**Change**: Keep current CI fast, add optional gRPC testing
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Create `.github/workflows/ci-full.yml` with gRPC enabled, running only on:
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- Manual workflow_dispatch
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- Weekly schedule
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- Specific branches (e.g., release branches)
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**Impact**:
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- ✅ Main CI stays fast and reliable
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- ✅ Still tests gRPC integration periodically
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**Risk**: Low - provides best of both worlds
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---
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## Recommended Implementation Plan
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### Phase 1 (Immediate - Fix Broken Builds)
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1. ✅ Apply Fix #3: Create platform-specific CI presets with gRPC disabled
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2. ✅ Update CI workflow to use new presets
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3. ✅ Test on develop branch
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**Result**: CI builds become fast (5-10 min) and reliable
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### Phase 2 (Short-term - Maintain gRPC Support)
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1. Apply Fix #1 or Fix #2: Fix gRPC versioning
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2. Create separate weekly gRPC test workflow (Option 3)
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3. Document gRPC build requirements for local development
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**Result**: gRPC support maintained without slowing down CI
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### Phase 3 (Long-term - Optimization)
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1. Evaluate vcpkg for Windows (Option 2)
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2. Evaluate system packages for Linux (Option 1)
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3. Consider pre-built gRPC artifacts
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**Result**: Fast builds even with gRPC enabled
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---
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## Testing Plan
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### Test 1: Verify Windows Build
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```bash
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# On Windows with MSVC
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cmake --preset ci-windows
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cmake --build --preset ci-windows
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```
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**Expected**: Build completes in ~5-10 minutes without errors
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### Test 2: Verify Linux Build
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```bash
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# On Ubuntu 22.04
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cmake --preset ci-linux
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cmake --build --preset ci-linux
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```
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**Expected**: Build completes in ~5-10 minutes without errors
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### Test 3: Verify Tests Run
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```bash
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# After successful build
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cd build
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ctest --output-on-failure -L stable
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```
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**Expected**: All stable tests pass
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### Test 4: Verify gRPC Version Fix (if applying Fix #1 or #2)
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```bash
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# On Windows
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cmake --preset win-ai # Preset with gRPC enabled
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cmake --build --preset win-ai
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```
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**Expected**: Build completes with gRPC 1.67.1, no MSVC errors
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---
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## Additional Notes
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### Why gRPC Causes Issues
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1. **Complexity**: gRPC bundles protobuf, abseil, c-ares, re2, zlib, ssl
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2. **Build Time**: Compiles 200+ targets on first build
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3. **Platform Quirks**:
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- Windows: MSVC has strict C++ conformance, UPB uses C99 features
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- macOS ARM64: Abseil uses x86 SSE intrinsics, needs filtering
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- Linux: Usually works but slow
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### Why Disabling gRPC is Safe for CI
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- gRPC is used for:
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- AI agent communication (optional feature)
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- Remote debugging (developer tool)
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- Core editor functionality works without gRPC
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- Tests don't require gRPC
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- Developers can still test gRPC locally with dev presets
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### References
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- Build Troubleshooting Guide: `docs/BUILD-TROUBLESHOOTING.md`
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- Build Guide: `docs/BUILD-GUIDE.md`
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- CI Workflow: `.github/workflows/ci.yml`
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- CMake Presets: `CMakePresets.json`
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---
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## Conclusion
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The root cause of CI build failures is **gRPC version incompatibility** and **excessive build complexity**. The recommended solution is to **disable gRPC in CI builds** using platform-specific presets, which will make builds fast (5-10 min) and reliable. gRPC support can be maintained through local development builds and periodic CI testing.
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