Overhaul PPU, manage scanlines and forced blanking, vram, cgram, oam, color math, layers, windows, pixel buffer, latching
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scawful
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@@ -247,6 +247,32 @@ struct Tile {
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uint8_t priority; // Priority of this tile
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};
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typedef struct Layer {
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bool mainScreenEnabled;
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bool subScreenEnabled;
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bool mainScreenWindowed;
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bool subScreenWindowed;
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} Layer;
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typedef struct BgLayer {
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uint16_t hScroll;
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uint16_t vScroll;
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bool tilemapWider;
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bool tilemapHigher;
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uint16_t tilemapAdr;
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uint16_t tileAdr;
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bool bigTiles;
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bool mosaicEnabled;
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} BgLayer;
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typedef struct WindowLayer {
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bool window1enabled;
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bool window2enabled;
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bool window1inversed;
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bool window2inversed;
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uint8_t maskLogic;
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} WindowLayer;
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struct BackgroundLayer {
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enum class Size { SIZE_32x32, SIZE_64x32, SIZE_32x64, SIZE_64x64 };
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@@ -265,7 +291,7 @@ struct BackgroundLayer {
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const int kPpuClockSpeed = 5369318; // 5.369318 MHz
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class Ppu : public Observer, public SharedRom {
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class Ppu : public SharedRom {
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public:
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// Initializes the PPU with the necessary resources and dependencies
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Ppu(memory::Memory& memory, Clock& clock) : memory_(memory), clock_(clock) {}
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@@ -274,8 +300,6 @@ class Ppu : public Observer, public SharedRom {
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void Init() {
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clock_.SetFrequency(kPpuClockSpeed);
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frame_buffer_.resize(256 * 240, 0);
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screen_ = std::make_shared<gfx::Bitmap>(256, 240, 8, 0x100);
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screen_->set_active(false);
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}
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// Resets the PPU to its initial state
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@@ -284,51 +308,175 @@ class Ppu : public Observer, public SharedRom {
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// Runs the PPU for one frame.
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void Update();
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void UpdateClock(double delta_time) { clock_.UpdateClock(delta_time); }
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void UpdateInternalState(int cycles);
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// Renders a scanline of the screen
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void RenderScanline();
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void HandleFrameStart();
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void RunLine(int line);
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void HandlePixel(int x, int y);
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void Notify(uint32_t address, uint16_t data) override;
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int GetPixel(int x, int y, bool sub, int* r, int* g, int* b);
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void EvaluateSprites(int line);
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void CalculateMode7Starts(int y);
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bool GetWindowState(int layer, int x);
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bool frame_overscan_ = false;
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bool overscan_ = false;
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// settings
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bool forcedBlank;
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uint8_t brightness;
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uint8_t mode;
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bool bg3priority;
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bool even_frame;
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bool pseudoHires;
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bool overscan;
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bool
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frameOverscan; // if we are overscanning this frame (determined at 0,225)
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bool interlace;
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bool frame_interlace; // if we are interlacing this frame (determined at
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// start vblank)
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bool directColor;
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bool CheckOverscan() {
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frame_overscan_ = overscan_;
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return frame_overscan_;
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}
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void HandleVblank();
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void HandleOPT(int layer, int* lx, int* ly);
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uint16_t GetOffsetValue(int col, int row);
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int GetPixelForBgLayer(int x, int y, int layer, bool priority);
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uint8_t Read(uint8_t adr);
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void Write(uint8_t adr, uint8_t val);
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uint16_t GetVramRemap();
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void PutPixels(uint8_t* pixel_data);
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// Returns the pixel data for the current frame
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const std::vector<uint8_t>& GetFrameBuffer() const { return frame_buffer_; }
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auto GetScreen() const { return screen_; }
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private:
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// Updates internal state based on PPU register settings
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void UpdateModeSettings();
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bool enable_forced_blanking_ = false;
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// Internal methods to handle PPU rendering and operations
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void UpdateTileData();
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int cycle_count_ = 0;
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int current_scanline_ = 0;
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const int cyclesPerScanline = 341; // SNES PPU has 341 cycles per scanline
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const int totalScanlines = 262; // SNES PPU has 262 scanlines per frame
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const int visibleScanlines = 224; // SNES PPU renders 224 visible scanlines
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// Fetches the tile map data from memory and stores it in an internal buffer
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void UpdateTileMapData();
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int GetPixelForMode7(int x, int layer, bool priority);
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// Renders a background layer
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void RenderBackground(int layer);
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// vram access
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uint16_t vram[0x8000];
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uint16_t vramPointer;
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bool vramIncrementOnHigh;
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uint16_t vramIncrement;
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uint8_t vramRemapMode;
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uint16_t vramReadBuffer;
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// Renders sprites (also known as objects)
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void RenderSprites();
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// cgram access
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uint16_t cgram[0x100];
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uint8_t cgramPointer;
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bool cgramSecondWrite;
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uint8_t cgramBuffer;
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// Fetches the palette data from CGRAM and stores it in an internal buffer
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void UpdatePaletteData();
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// oam access
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uint16_t oam[0x100];
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uint8_t highOam[0x20];
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uint8_t oamAdr;
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uint8_t oamAdrWritten;
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bool oamInHigh;
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bool oamInHighWritten;
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bool oamSecondWrite;
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uint8_t oamBuffer;
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// Applies effects to the layers based on the current mode and register
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void ApplyEffects();
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// Objects / Sprites
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bool objPriority;
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uint16_t objTileAdr1;
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uint16_t objTileAdr2;
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uint8_t objSize;
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std::array<uint8_t, 256> obj_pixel_buffer_;
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uint8_t objPriorityBuffer[256];
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bool time_over_ = false;
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bool range_over_ = false;
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bool objInterlace;
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// Combines the layers into a single image and stores it in the frame buffer
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void ComposeLayers();
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// Color Math
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uint8_t clip_mode_ = 0;
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uint8_t prevent_math_mode_ = 0;
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bool math_enabled_array_[6] = {false, false, false, false, false, false};
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bool add_subscreen_ = false;
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bool subtractColor;
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bool halfColor;
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uint8_t fixedColorR;
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uint8_t fixedColorG;
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uint8_t fixedColorB;
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// Sends the frame buffer to the display hardware (e.g., SDL2)
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void DisplayFrameBuffer();
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// layers
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Layer layer_[5];
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// mode 7
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int16_t m7matrix[8]; // a, b, c, d, x, y, h, v
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uint8_t m7prev;
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bool m7largeField;
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bool m7charFill;
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bool m7xFlip;
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bool m7yFlip;
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bool m7extBg;
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// mode 7 internal
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int32_t m7startX;
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int32_t m7startY;
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// windows
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WindowLayer windowLayer[6];
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uint8_t window1left;
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uint8_t window1right;
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uint8_t window2left;
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uint8_t window2right;
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// Background Layers
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std::array<BackgroundLayer, 4> bg_layers_;
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uint8_t mosaic_startline_ = 1;
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BgLayer bgLayer[4];
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uint8_t scrollPrev;
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uint8_t scrollPrev2;
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uint8_t mosaicSize;
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uint8_t mosaicStartLine;
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// pixel buffer (xbgr)
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// times 2 for even and odd frame
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uint8_t pixelBuffer[512 * 4 * 239 * 2];
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uint8_t pixelOutputFormat;
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// latching
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uint16_t hCount;
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uint16_t vCount;
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bool hCountSecond;
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bool vCountSecond;
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bool countersLatched;
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uint8_t ppu1openBus;
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uint8_t ppu2openBus;
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uint16_t tile_data_size_;
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uint16_t vram_base_address_;
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uint16_t tilemap_base_address_;
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uint16_t screen_brightness_ = 0x00;
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// ===========================================================
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// Member variables to store internal PPU state and resources
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Memory& memory_;
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Clock& clock_;
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Tilemap tilemap_;
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BackgroundMode bg_mode_;
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std::vector<SpriteAttributes> sprites_;
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std::vector<uint8_t> tile_data_;
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std::vector<uint8_t> frame_buffer_;
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// PPU registers
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OAMSize oam_size_;
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OAMAddress oam_address_;
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@@ -365,27 +513,6 @@ class Ppu : public Observer, public SharedRom {
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struct TSW tsw_;
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struct TMW tmw_;
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struct SETINI setini_;
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Tilemap tilemap_;
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BackgroundMode bg_mode_;
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std::array<BackgroundLayer, 4> bg_layers_;
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std::vector<SpriteAttributes> sprites_;
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std::vector<uint8_t> tile_data_;
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std::vector<uint8_t> frame_buffer_;
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std::shared_ptr<gfx::Bitmap> screen_;
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uint16_t tile_data_size_;
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uint16_t vram_base_address_;
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uint16_t tilemap_base_address_;
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uint16_t screen_brightness_ = 0x00;
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bool enable_forced_blanking_ = false;
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int cycle_count_ = 0;
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int current_scanline_ = 0;
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const int cyclesPerScanline = 341; // SNES PPU has 341 cycles per scanline
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const int totalScanlines = 262; // SNES PPU has 262 scanlines per frame
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const int visibleScanlines = 224; // SNES PPU renders 224 visible scanlines
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};
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} // namespace video
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